DOMAIN .go.id AS A VITAL DIGITAL OBJECT: ANALYSIS OF THE ENHANCEMENT OF CRIMINAL SANCTIONS IN THE ITE LAW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.55583/jkih.v5i1.1692Keywords:
go.id Domain, Digital Vital Object, UU ITE, Criminal Sanctions, Digital GovernanceAbstract
This study aims to analyze the position of the .go.id domain as a Vital Digital Object from a national legal perspective and examine the provisions of enhanced criminal sanctions for cybercrimes that attack the .go.id domain based on the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). The .go.id domain not only functions as the technical identity of government websites, but also has a strategic role in government administration, public services, and the realization of the country's digital sovereignty. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis was carried out on relevant laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and the concept of national vital objects and digital infrastructure protection in the Indonesian legal system. The results of the study indicate that as the country's dependence on digital systems increases, the concept of national vital objects has expanded to include non-physical assets in the form of electronic systems and strategic digital infrastructure. The .go.id domain can be qualified as a Vital Digital Object because of its direct relationship with the government administration sector and information and communication technology, as regulated in Presidential Regulation Number 82 of 2022 concerning the Protection of Vital Information Infrastructure. The provisions on increased criminal sanctions for cyber attacks on the .go.id domain in the ITE Law serve as a preventive and repressive legal instrument that strengthens the protection of government electronic systems while safeguarding the country's digital sovereignty.
References
Alimova, D. R., & Рифатевна, А. Д. (2024). Legal regulation of national interests in Russia: Theory and practice. RUDN Journal of Law, 28(4), 730–742. https://doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2024-28-4-730-742
Ariprawira, G., Aji, L. S., Wahyudin, A., & Hikmaturokhman, A. (2023). Policy Mechanism for Security of National Vital Objects in the Telecommunications Sector in Indonesia. Buletin Pos Dan Telekomunikasi, 21(2), 57–73. https://doi.org/10.17933/bpostel.v21i2.379
Block, F. (1984). The Ruling Class Does Not Rule: Notes on the Marxist Theory of the State. In The Political Economy: Readings in the Politics and Economics of American Public Policy. Routledge.
Cakal, E. (2023). Torture and progress, past and promised: Problematising torture’s evolving interpretation. International Journal of Law in Context, 19(2), 236–254. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1744552323000010
Daryono, B. S., Sarosa, W., Ubaidillah, R., Widyatmoko, D., Purnomo, D. W., Djohan, T. S., Hadisusanto, S., Aipassa, M. I., & Setyawati, T. (2023). Pembangunan Berkelanjutan di Ibu Kota Negara Nusantara Perspektif Biologi. UGM PRESS.
Eng, D. I. A. S., S. T. ,. M. AP ,. IPU ,. ACPE ,. CIQaR ,. ASEAN, MA, E. P. D., S. Sos ,. MIS, MPPM, D. D. H. T., CIT, D. I. A. P. S., S. A. P. ,. M. M. ,. CIPA, M.Psi, D. D. S., Ph.D, P. A. A. B. P., PSC, D. S., S. E. ,. M. M. ,. M. Sc, M.M, D. I. E. S., M.Pd, D. D. M. M., MDA, D. U. H., CIQaR, D. S., M. Sc, Eng, D. I. S. A. P., S. E. ,. M. Eng ,. Sc ,. IPU ,. CIPA ,. ASEAN, Eng, D. I. E. S., S. T. ,. M. Si ,. CIPA ,. ASEAN, & M.Han, D. D. G. R. D. (2024). Transformasi Manajemen Pertahanan Indonesia di Era Modernisasi Militer. Indonesia Emas Group.
Hibatullah, M. N. R. (2024). Transformasi Administrasi Publik di Era Digital: Menuju Tata Kelola Pemerintahan yang Inovatif dan Transparan. Distingsi: Journal of Digital Society, 2(4), 11–21.
Israyudin, R., Arrofi, F. M., & Dwiardi, A. R. (2025). Digital Transformation through Electronic-Based Government System Policy in Indonesia: A Policy Narrative Analysis. Journal La Sociale, 6(2), 281–292. https://doi.org/10.37899/journal-la-sociale.v6i2.1825
Jaeger, J., Riedl, A., Djedovic, A., Vervaeke, J., & Walsh, D. (2024). Naturalizing relevance realization: Why agency and cognition are fundamentally not computational. Frontiers in Psychology, 15. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1362658
Jubaidi, D., & Khoirunnisa, K. (2023). The Significance Of The Living Law Concept In The New Criminal Code: A Perspective Of Progressive Law (SSRN Scholarly Paper No. 5068325). Social Science Research Network. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.5068325
Kamil, M., Mas’udi, S. Y. F., & Kristiani, N. N. (2024). Strengthening urban governance: Digital transformation through the development of electronic-based government systems to create smart cities in Malang City. BIS Information Technology and Computer Science, 1, V124024–V124024. https://doi.org/10.31603/bistycs.198
Kartasasmita, D. G., Cempaka Timur, F. G., & Reksoprodjo, A. H. S. (2024). The Internet Exchange and .ID Domain Name Service as a National Critical Information Infrastructure. 2024 IEEE 24th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT), 700–707. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICCT62411.2024.10946489
Kurniawan, I. D., & Suyatno. (2025). Realizing Substantive Justice Enforcement Through the Implementation of Progressive Law. International Journal: Interdisciplinary Journal of Education, Humanities, Law, and Social Entrepreneurship, 1(1), 8–15.
Maisarah, P. A., Fonna, F., & Firdaus, R. (2025). Peran Kritis Sistem Informasi Manajemen Dalam Mewujudkan E-Government Yang Responsif, Transparan, Dan Berkelanjutan Di Indonesia. Jurnal Keuangan dan Manajemen Terapan, 6(3). https://ejurnals.com/ojs/index.php/jkmt/article/view/2901
Negara, T. A. S. (2023). Normative Legal Research in Indonesia: Its Originis and Approaches. Audito Comparative Law Journal (ACLJ), 4(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.22219/aclj.v4i1.24855
Poltak, H., & Widjaja, R. R. (2024). Pendekatan Metode Studi Kasus dalam Riset Kualitatif. Local Engineering, 2(1), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.59810/lejlace.v2i1.89
Riabchenko, Y., Onyshchenko, A., Kudin, V., Kononets, O., & Holdskyi, V. (2025). Digital assets and property rights: Regulation and legal implications within the EU and globally. Statute Law Review, 46(3). https://doi.org/10.1093/slr/hmaf029
Rizky, A. M., Pratiwi, M. P., Chairunnisa, A., Aiko, I. A., & Ariesmansyah, A. (2025). E-Goverment: Meningkatkan Efisiensi dan Efektivitas Pelayanan Publik di Indonesia. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 5(1), 2070–2089. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v5i1.17827
Rusmini, R., Alamsah Deliarnoor, N., Yuningsih, N. Y., & Sagita, N. I. (2025). Rethinking e-government failure: A readiness-based assessment of Indonesia’s digitalization efforts. Cogent Social Sciences, 11(1), 2559867. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2025.2559867
Salam, R., Bahasruddin, A., Wijaya, I. D., & Faisal, M. (2024). Strategi Meningkatkan Resiliensi Dalam Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Pada Era Digital. Jurnal Administrasi Publik, 20(2), 309–326. https://doi.org/10.52316/jap.v20i2.437
Siregar, M. (2024). Teori Hukum Progresif dalam Konsep Negara Hukum Indonesia. Muhammadiyah Law Review, 8(2). https://doi.org/10.24127/mlr.v8i2.3567
Suhendra, A., & Santiko, A. (2022). Governance Through Electronic-based Information System by Papua Provincial Government. International Journal of Regional Innovation, 2(4), 43–50. https://doi.org/10.52000/ijori.v2i3.65
Suherman, H. A. (2025). Relevansi Teori Hukum Pembangunan Dan Teori Hukum Progresif Dalam Pembentukan Teori Hukum Pancasila. HUNILA : Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Dan Integrasi Peradilan, 4(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.53491/hunila.v4i1.1703
Supriadi, E., Zulkarnaen, A. H., Paminto, S. R., & Mulyadi, D. (2024). Digital Transformation of Electronic-Based Government System (EBS) in Sukabumi District: Implementation of Central Government Policy to Realise Good Governance. Intellectual Law Review (ILRE), 2(2), 85–94. https://doi.org/10.59108/ilre.v2i2.70
Tan, H., Zhao, X., & Zhang, N. (2022). Technology symbolization: Political mechanism of local e-government adoption and implementation1. International Review of Administrative Sciences, 88(2), 511–532. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020852320915637
Tan, K. L., Chi, C.-H., & Lam, K.-Y. (2023). Survey on Digital Sovereignty and Identity: From Digitization to Digitalization. ACM Comput. Surv., 56(3), 61:1-61:36. https://doi.org/10.1145/3616400
Tommy, S., & Nasution, M. I. P. (2025). Evaluasi Manajemen Risiko Keamanan Siber Pada Infrastruktur Digital Pemerintah: Studi Kasus Pusat Data Nasional (PDN). Jurnal Manajemen Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 4(1), 1–26. https://doi.org/10.61715/jmeb.v4i1.104
Wibowo, A. (2023). Hukum di Era Globalisasi Digital. Penerbit Yayasan Prima Agus Teknik, 1–185.
Wicaksono, A. T., & Yasin, I. F. (2024). Criminal Law Reformulation Through Omnibus Law as a Solution to Sectoral Cyber Protection. Al-Jinayah : Jurnal Hukum Pidana Islam, 10(2), 237–261. https://doi.org/10.15642/aj.2024.10.2.237-261
yuliana, r. a., & natalia, n. (2025). transformasi digital desa ponggok: tantangan dan potensi menuju desa pintar yang berkelanjutan. ACADEMIA: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik, 5(2), 90–97. https://doi.org/10.51878/academia.v5i2.4977
