Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum adalah jurnal hukum peer-review yang menyediakan forum untuk karya ilmiah tentang studi hukum. Jurnal ini menerbitkan makalah penelitian asli yang berkaitan dengan beberapa aspek dari penelitian hukum. Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum terbit 2 kali setahun pada bulan Januari dan Agustus. Jurnal ini benar-benar membuka akses pintu bagi para pembaca dan akademisi untuk tetap berhubungan dengan temuan penelitian terbaru di bidang hukum. Jurnal Kajian Ilmu Hukum melingkupi kajian-kajian ilmiah dalam ranah ilmu hukum, hasil-hasil penelitian yang terbaru dan pemikiran-pemikiran progresif. E-ISSN : 2963-0630, P-ISSN : 2829-1980. https://jurnal.uisu.ac.id/index.php/languageliteracy https://jurnal.uisu.ac.id/index.php/mesuisu https://ojs.ejournalunigoro.com/index.php/sintesi ROKOKBET https://revistas.unbosque.edu.co/index.php/RCE ROKOKBET
Legal Analysis of Investment in the Palm Oil Sector in Indonesia
ndonesia's palm oil industry plays a strategic role in national economic development by attracting investment, generating employment, and contributing significantly to export revenues. However, the sector continues to face persistent legal challenges, including overlapping land tenure, agrarian conflicts, environmental degradation, and regulatory inconsistencies that undermine legal certainty and sustainable investment. This study aims to examine the legal framework governing investment in Indonesia's palm oil sector, identify the major legal issues affecting its implementation, and analyze the legal protection mechanisms that support sustainable investment governance. The research employs a normative legal approach using statutory, conceptual, and analytical methods. Data were collected from primary legal materials, secondary legal literature, judicial decisions, and relevant policy documents, and analyzed through qualitative juridical interpretation. The findings reveal that Indonesia has established a comprehensive regulatory framework through investment, agrarian, plantation, environmental, and business licensing laws. Nevertheless, the effectiveness of these regulations remains constrained by fragmented institutional governance, overlapping legal authorities, and inconsistent implementation across sectors. The study further finds that legal certainty in palm oil investment depends not only on regulatory completeness but also on the harmonization of legal institutions responsible for land administration, environmental governance, and investment supervision. This research proposes the concept of Integrated Legal Governance, which combines legal certainty, legal protection, and sustainable development principles as a comprehensive framework for strengthening investment governance. The study contributes to the advancement of investment law by demonstrating that institutional harmonization is the key determinant of sustainable palm oil investment and provides policy recommendations for regulatory integration, environmental governance, and the protection of investors and indigenous communities in Indonesia
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THE FOREIGN INVESTMENT IN THE INDONESIAN CAPITAL CITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL ECONOMIC CONCEPT IN INDONESIA
Abstract Development must continue to be carried out in order to create equity, the development carried out today aims to sustain life in the present and the future. If we feel the impact of development today, it means that our predecessors managed the country successfully. And all that is done today is for the good of the world. This study is a research literature. Activities are carried out systematically to collect, process, and conclude data using certain methods/techniques to find answers to the problems faced. This study uses a qualitative approach, a research process to understand human or social phenomena by creating a comprehensive and complex picture that can be presented in words, reporting detailed views obtained from source informants, and carried out in a natural setting. The data of this study were obtained from library sources consisting of books, journals, Scientific Papers, legislation, documents, and so forth. The results showed that the transfer of the state capital missed the complete process and mechanism, seen the most dominant executive in the process of moving the capital. The transfer, which was established in conjunction with the covid-19 response, caused a negative reaction from the public. Then the investment mechanism carried out by the government is considered contrary to the constitutional economic system because the government ignores the interests of the people. Keywords: Foreign Investment, IKN, economic Constitution.
LEGAL POLITICS IN DETERMINING THE PRESIDENTIAL THRESHOLD WITHIN INDONESIA’S CONSTITUTIONAL SYSTEM
The elimination of the presidential threshold system on the one hand has had a positive impact on the development of Indonesian democracy. This system can restore the basic rights of citizens in the constitution (remedy of constitutional rights) that were once injured by the existence of the presidential threshold. There are many benefits that will be obtained by non-majority parties so that they can propose their respective presidential candidates, and also make the choice of president more diverse. With the PT, it will be easier for the president to carry out government duties, because there is no intervention from other dominant parties in parliament. However, the weaknesses of the elimination of the PT are also worth considering, such as the vulnerability of individual interests that can be obtained through presidential nominations. From a national security aspect, it will result in an expansion of conflict escalation and election crimes due to the large number of candidates. In terms of efficiency, the allocation of the election budget will increase (high cost election). At least the allocation of election funds can be channeled to areas that can improve the welfare of other people. However, this assumption needs to be further proven with in-depth research on the efficiency of campaign funds.
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ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF INSURANCE POLICY GUARANTEES BY THE DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION (LPS) IN INCREASING POLICYHOLDER PROTECTION IN INDONESIA
This study was conducted to review the effectiveness of the Policy Guarantee Institution by the Deposit Insurance Corporation. The addition of the authority of the Deposit Insurance Corporation based on Law No. 4 of 2023 can cause problems. The consolidation of policy guarantee authority to the Deposit Insurance Corporation, which previously only guaranteed banking customers in accordance with Law No. 24 of 2004 concerning the Deposit Insurance Corporation, has an impact on the ineffectiveness in carrying out its duties. The purpose of this study is to determine how the policy guarantee institution is regulated in insurance companies in Indonesia and secondly, how effective the policy guarantee carried out by the Deposit Insurance Corporation. The method used in this study is normative juridical with a statutory regulatory approach. The results of this study indicate that the regulation of the Policy Guarantee Institution does not exist even though it has been mandated in Law Number 40 of 2014 concerning Insurance. The absence of regulations related to the Policy Guarantee Institution in insurance companies in Indonesia results in ineffectiveness and public distrust of insurance companies, so that regulations related to the Policy Guarantee Institution in insurance companies in Indonesia are needed.
LEGAL ANALYSIS OF CONSTITUTIONAL COURT DECISION NUMBER 90/PUU-XXI/2023 AS A FORM OF EXPANSION OF POSITIVE LEGISLATOR AUTHORITY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF LEGAL JUSTICE
The Constitutional Court Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023 concerning the age requirement for presidential and vice-presidential candidates has generated extensive constitutional debate in Indonesia. As the guardian of the 1945 Constitution, the Constitutional Court is expected to uphold legal certainty and constitutional consistency. However, this decision introduces a new interpretation by adding normative meaning to Article 169 letter q of Law No. 7 of 2017 on General Elections, raising questions regarding the limits of judicial authority. This article aims to analyze the ratio decidendi of Decision No. 90/PUU-XXI/2023 within the framework of open legal policy and to examine the extent to which the Constitutional Court has exercised its authority in adding legal norms. This study employs normative juridical research using statutory and conceptual approaches, supported by primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. The findings indicate that the decision reflects a shift in the Constitutional Court’s role toward norm creation, which deviates from its function as a negative legislator and undermines legal certainty and the principle of justice.
Implementation of Household Waste Management Policy: A Siyasah Tanfidziyah Analysis of Local Government Regulation
This study examines the implementation of household and household-like waste management policies from the perspective of Siyasah Tanfidziyah, focusing on the exercise of governmental authority in policy execution. The research aims to analyze how local governments implement waste management regulations and to assess their alignment with Islamic principles of governance oriented toward public welfare (maslahah). This study employs field research with a qualitative descriptive approach. Primary data were obtained through interviews and documentation at the local Environmental Service, while secondary data were collected from relevant books, journals, and regulatory documents. Data were analyzed using descriptive analytical techniques. The findings indicate that the implementation of waste management policies remains suboptimal due to inadequate facilities and infrastructure, limited public education, and insufficient internalization of Islamic values related to environmental stewardship. These constraints hinder the effective realization of environmentally sustainable governance as envisioned in Siyasah Tanfidziyah. The study concludes that effective waste management requires the integration of regulatory enforcement with a religious-based approach that emphasizes public awareness and collective responsibility. Accordingly, this study recommends strengthening regulatory frameworks, enhancing Islamic-based environmental education, and promoting cross-sector collaboration at the community level to improve policy effectiveness
Legal Certainty of Land Registration as a Form of Protection of Citizens' Constitutional Rights
This study examines the implementation of land registration services as a mechanism for protecting constitutional rights to legal certainty, focusing on the practice of the National Land Agency (BPN) of Kampar Regency under Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021. Using an empirical juridical approach, this research combines primary data obtained from interviews with BPN officials and land registration applicants with secondary data derived from statutory regulations, legal doctrines, and official documents. The findings reveal that, although land registration has formally functioned as an instrument of legal protection through the issuance of land certificates, its effectiveness in realizing constitutional legal certainty remains limited. Normative constraints arise from regulatory disharmony between the Basic Agrarian Law and Government Regulation Number 18 of 2021, while empirical obstacles include low public legal awareness, limited institutional capacity, and delays in land measurement procedures. These conditions indicate a gap between the normative objectives of land registration reform and its practical implementation at the local level. This study argues that the protection of constitutional rights in land administration cannot be achieved solely through regulatory reform, but requires regulatory harmonization, institutional strengthening, and sustained legal education to ensure the consistent application of legal certainty and substantive justice.
Reformulation of Parking Levy Management as a Good Governance Strategy to Improve Regional Original Revenue
Regional levies constitute one of the strategic sources of Regional Original Revenue (ROR) that support the financing of local government administration. One type of regional levy is the parking service levy. Although it is not the primary source of levy revenue, the parking service levy in Pekanbaru City makes a significant contribution to the increase of Regional Original Revenue. This study aims to analyze the management of parking levies in enhancing Pekanbaru City’s Regional Original Revenue and to identify the obstacles encountered in their implementation. This research employs a normative legal research method using a statutory and conceptual approach, conducted through a literature review of primary and secondary legal materials. The findings indicate that increasing Regional Original Revenue from parking levies requires effective and integrated management by the relevant authorities, encompassing planning, organizing, implementation, and supervision. However, several challenges remain, including weak supervision, limited human resources, low discipline of parking attendants in remitting levies, inadequate official attributes of parking officers, and low public awareness. Therefore, strengthening the management and supervision system of parking levies is essential to optimize their contribution to Regional Original Revenue
Mens Rea and Juvenile Criminal Liability in Infanticide Cases: A Comparative Analysis of Indonesian Criminal Law and Fiqh Jinayat
This study examines the role of mens rea as the core determinant of criminal responsibility in Indonesian criminal law through an analysis of Decision No. 3/Pid.Sus-Anak/2019/PN Gpr concerning juvenile infanticide. Although mens rea is not explicitly formulated in the Indonesian Penal Code (KUHP), Indonesian courts continue to rely on fault-based liability grounded in the principle of geen straf zonder schuld. Employing a qualitative doctrinal and socio-legal approach, this research analyzes judicial reasoning, doctrinal interpretations, and medical evidence to assess how intent, negligence, and causality are constructed in cases involving vulnerable offenders.The findings demonstrate that the court rejected a consequence-based model of liability by prioritizing the defendant’s subjective mental condition, age, and situational context. The judgment reflects a dualistic doctrinal framework that separates the existence of a criminal act from the attribution of criminal responsibility and applies the doctrine of adequate causation to exclude liability where death is predominantly caused by medical factors. Comparative analysis with English, German, and Islamic criminal law further confirms the convergence toward fault-based liability and the rejection of strict liability in juvenile justice. This study contributes to global debates on juvenile criminal responsibility by offering a doctrinally grounded and child-centered model of criminal attribution that emphasizes proportionality, moral blameworthiness, and substantive justice.
Reconceptualization of the Role of Religious Courts in Resolving Sharia Economic Disputes Following the Legal Reform of the Judicial System
This study aims to analyze the scope and implementation of the authority of the Religious Court in resolving Islamic economic disputes following the enactment of Law No. 3 of 2006. The research focuses on a case study at the Sumenep Religious Court, which has jurisdiction over disputes involving Islamic financial institutions, including Islamic banking, Islamic financing, and Islamic insurance. This study employs a qualitative socio-legal research method that integrates normative legal analysis with empirical data. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with judges and court officials, direct observation of court proceedings, and examination of relevant legal documents and court decisions.The findings indicate that the Religious Court possesses absolute authority to examine, adjudicate, and resolve Islamic economic disputes as stipulated in Article 49 of Law No. 3 of 2006. The implementation of this authority at the Sumenep Religious Court has been concretely realized through several court decisions addressing disputes between Islamic financial institutions and their customers. These decisions demonstrate the court’s increasing role and capacity in handling complex Islamic economic cases in accordance with sharia principles and national law. The originality of this research lies in its empirical focus on the practical application of the Religious Court’s authority at the regional level, providing new insights into how statutory mandates are operationalized in resolving Islamic economic disputes.
THE VALIDITY OF ONLINE MARRIAGE FROM A MAQASID SYARIAH PERSPECTIVE: JASSER AUDA'S SYSTEMIC APPROACH
This study reveals the legality of online marriages, which are currently an alternative solution when the prospective bride and groom cannot meet in person. Technological advances in this digital era have become inevitable, thus becoming a topic of discussion in Islamic law. Online marriages are conducted via video calls, whether through Google Meet, Zoom, WhatsApp, or other applications, thus providing convenience for both parties who are separated by distance and location. This study uses a philosophical approach using the theory of maqashid sharia developed by Jasser Audha. The conclusion of this study is that, according to the perspective of maqashid sharia developed by Jasser Audha, the validity and permissibility of online marriages are a form of openness in Islamic law using a multidimensional method in addressing issues arising from global digitalization, referring to the six approaches in maqashid sharia. Thus, the permissibility of online marriages is in line with the achievement of the values of the features developed by maqashid sharia Jasser Audha.
Legal Certainty in the Transformation of Land Sale Agreements into Debt Relationships
This study examines the legal implications of transforming a land sale and purchase agreement into a debt relationship through a court-ratified settlement deed, viewed from the perspective of legal certainty. The purpose of this research is to analyze the legal validity of such transformation, assess the extent to which legal certainty is upheld, and evaluate the protection afforded to the parties, particularly the seller and their heirs. This research employs a normative legal research method using statutory, case, and conceptual approaches. Primary and secondary legal materials were analyzed descriptively and analytically by applying the theory of legal certainty proposed by Satjipto Rahardjo and the theory of justice developed by John Rawls. The findings indicate that the transformation of the land sale agreement into a debt agreement through a settlement deed lacks substantive validity, as it does not fulfill the legal requirements of novation under Article 1413 of the Indonesian Civil Code. Although the settlement deed provides formal legal certainty through judicial endorsement, it fails to ensure substantive legal certainty and equitable legal protection, resulting in prolonged legal disputes and legal ambiguity for the parties involved. The originality of this research lies in its critical examination of court-sanctioned settlement deeds that alter the substance of authentic land sale agreements without prior annulment, highlighting the tension between formal legal certainty and substantive justice in Indonesian contract law.
DOMAIN .go.id AS A VITAL DIGITAL OBJECT: ANALYSIS OF THE ENHANCEMENT OF CRIMINAL SANCTIONS IN THE ITE LAW
This study aims to analyze the position of the .go.id domain as a Vital Digital Object from a national legal perspective and examine the provisions of enhanced criminal sanctions for cybercrimes that attack the .go.id domain based on the Electronic Information and Transactions Law (UU ITE). The .go.id domain not only functions as the technical identity of government websites, but also has a strategic role in government administration, public services, and the realization of the country's digital sovereignty. This study uses a normative legal research method with a statute approach and a conceptual approach. The analysis was carried out on relevant laws and regulations, legal doctrines, and the concept of national vital objects and digital infrastructure protection in the Indonesian legal system. The results of the study indicate that as the country's dependence on digital systems increases, the concept of national vital objects has expanded to include non-physical assets in the form of electronic systems and strategic digital infrastructure. The .go.id domain can be qualified as a Vital Digital Object because of its direct relationship with the government administration sector and information and communication technology, as regulated in Presidential Regulation Number 82 of 2022 concerning the Protection of Vital Information Infrastructure. The provisions on increased criminal sanctions for cyber attacks on the .go.id domain in the ITE Law serve as a preventive and repressive legal instrument that strengthens the protection of government electronic systems while safeguarding the country's digital sovereignty.
LEGAL ADVISORY STRATEGIES IN DEFENDING DRUG DEALERS
Legal counsel plays a central role in safeguarding the rights of defendants at every stage of the criminal justice process, particularly in narcotics cases that are characterized by high complexity and severe criminal sanctions. This study aims to analyze the defense strategies employed by legal counsel in handling defendants involved in drug trafficking, as well as examine the practical challenges faced in the Indonesian legal system. This research adopts a normative legal method with statutory and conceptual approaches. The findings indicate that defense strategies generally include refuting the elements of the offense, submitting objections regarding procedural defects, and utilizing humanitarian approaches through rehabilitation and restorative justice. However, the implementation of these strategies often encounters substantial obstacles, including limited access to case files, pressure from law enforcement authorities, social stigma against advocates, and a legal system that remains predominantly repressive. The originality of this study lies in its integrative analysis of legal defense strategies within narcotics cases using a normative.
ULTIMUM REMEDIUM AND THE LEGAL POLITICS OF TAX CRIMINAL PROSECUTION IN INDONESIA
The enforcement of tax criminal law in Indonesia faces a structural dilemma between the principle of ultimum remedium, which emphasizes the recovery of state financial losses, and the tendency to apply primum remedium, which is punitive. This study uses a juridical-normative method with a statutory, conceptual, case-based, and comparative approach to analyze the normative construction of the KUP Law, law enforcement practices, and Supreme Court jurisprudence related to tax crimes. The results show that the ambiguity of the discretionary formulation of Article 44B of the KUP Law, as well as the inconsistency of the ratio decidendi in court decisions, have given rise to legal uncertainty and unequal treatment of taxpayers. As a novelty, this article deconstructs the binary paradigm of ultimum remedium–primum remedium and proposes the Integrative Justice Model as an alternative theoretical framework. This model is designed as a legal triage mechanism that classifies tax crimes based on the level of seriousness of the act and the degree of culpability (mens rea) of the perpetrator, thus allowing for proportional differentiation of settlement paths through: (1) administrative-restorative paths, (2) hybrid restorative-punitive paths, and (3) punitive-preventive paths. The Integrative Justice Model is offered as a normative solution to bridge the interests of state financial restoration with just, effective, and legal certainty-oriented criminal law enforcement.
HOAXES AND DEFAMATION: LEGAL LIMITATIONS IN ASSESSING NON-MATERIAL DAMAGES
The rapid spread of hoaxes and defamation in the digital age has become a destructive phenomenon, causing serious consequences that include not only material losses, but also significant non-material damages such as ruined reputations, loss of public trust, and profound psychological suffering for both individuals and corporations. This condition creates a crucial juridical problem because positive law in Indonesia, despite having instruments like the ITE Law, has not yet provided clear boundaries (limitations) or objective, measurable parameters for assessing and quantifying such non-material damages within the judicial system. This research utilizes a normative legal method employing a statute approach and a conceptual approach, qualitatively analyzing primary legal sources such as the Civil Code, Criminal Code, the ITE Law and its amendments, as well as secondary legal sources through a comprehensive literature review. The results and discussion demonstrate that the forms of non-material damage, as recognized in Article 1365 of the Civil Code and legal theory, encompass a broad spectrum ranging from damage to honor (eer) and good name (goede naam) to psychological suffering (trauma and stress); however, the legal boundaries in Indonesia are dominantly penal-centric, focusing only on punishing the perpetrator (deterrence) rather than restoring the victim. This strong penal orientation in the ITE Law is proven to create systemic fragmentation separating the criminal and civil processes and a legal vacuum (rechtsvacuüm) in non-material remediation mechanisms, thereby necessitating a paradigm shift towards restorative justice supported by Supreme Court Guidelines (PERMA) to provide clear parameters for judges to assess non-material damages fairly and proportionally.
OPTIMIZING PUBLIC PARTICIPATION THROUGH THE REGIONAL PEOPLE'S REPRESENTATIVE COUNCIL (DPRD) IN THE LEGAL FORMATION PROCESS
This study explores the crucial role of community participation through Regional People’s Representative Councils (DPRD) in the process of regional lawmaking. The main objective is to analyze how communities actively engage in the formation of regional regulations, identify existing obstacles, and propose strategies to strengthen participatory mechanisms. This research employs a qualitative approach with a case study design. The research subjects include community members and DPRD legislators or members of regional regulation-making committees within one selected district/city, while the research object focuses on the lawmaking process involving public participation. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations of community forums, and documentation of DPRD procedures and related legal instruments. Data analysis was conducted using a thematic qualitative method through stages of data reduction, data presentation, and verification (triangulation). The findings reveal that although formal mechanisms such as public consultations and hearings are established, community participation often remains symbolic. Public aspirations are recorded but rarely translated into substantive influence on DPRD decisions. The study identifies key determinants of effective participation, including transparency of information, community capacity, and the commitment of DPRD members. This research contributes to the understanding of participatory democracy in local governance and offers practical recommendations to enhance inclusivity in lawmaking: improving public access to information, empowering communities in articulating aspirations, and promoting genuinely deliberative forums. The originality of this study lies in its focus on the micro-level dynamics between communities and DPRD in Indonesia’s regional legislative processes, offering insights into the real challenges of participatory governance
THE ROLE OF DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY IN POVERTY REDUCTION: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES TOWARDS SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Poverty alleviation in Indonesia is increasingly dependent on digital technology, but this transformation creates new challenges related to the digital divide and data vulnerability of poor groups. Digital welfare programs, such as the distribution of social assistance based on the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS), put poor communities at risk of data exploitation in the era of Civil Society 5.0, thus requiring a strong institutional architecture to protect them. This study uses a normative legal research method through a legislative and conceptual approach. The results show that the existing institution, namely the Ministry of Communication and Digital Affairs, is legally an executive body (assisting the President) that is prone to conflicts of interest in implementing the PDP Law, while the main challenges in the field are infrastructure gaps and low digital literacy. Therefore, effective implementation of the PDP Law to protect the data of the poor and support the SDGs requires the establishment of a Data Protection Authority (DPA) as an independent state auxiliary organ, the formation of which is highly dependent on the political will of the President as the highest authority.
PERLINDUNGAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PENGGUNAAN SEPEDA LISTRIK
The objectives of this research are, first, to examine the legal regulations regarding the use of electric bicycles in Indonesia from the perspective of Law No. 22 of 2009 on Road Traffic and Transportation and other relevant regulations, and second, to analyze the forms of legal protection for consumers of electric bicycles in the event of accidents or losses caused by product defects or negligence of business actors.The research method employed is normative juridical, using a statutory approach and a case approach concerning the use of electric bicycles and the scope of consumer protection for their users.The findings of this research indicate, first, that the regulation of electric bicycles in Indonesia remains incomplete, as it is only partially regulated under Minister of Transportation Regulation No. 45 of 2020. The absence of explicit provisions in higher-level legislation, such as the Road Traffic and Transportation Law (UU LLAJ), creates a legal vacuum that results in uncertainty regarding the status of electric bicycles in traffic law and consumer protection.Second, a clear legal framework within statutory regulations is essential to provide legal certainty, ensure product feasibility standards in accordance with SNI, and guarantee consumer protection against potential losses and safety risks. Without adequate regulation, consumers remain vulnerable to harm, both in terms of product quality and road safety.
Kehadiran pinjaman online sebagai salah satu bentuk financial technology (fintech) yang menawarkan pinjaman dengan syarat dan ketentuan lebih mudah dan terjangkau oleh masyarakat. Kemudahan dalam peminjaman online tersebut tidak menjamin masyarakat dapat terhindar dari berbagai aksi penipuan oleh oknum yang tak bertanggung jawab terhadap para nasabahnya. Masalah yang dihadapi maraknya korban pinjam online saat ini harus dilihat secara koprehensif, yang tidak hanya penegakan hukum dan pemberantasan terhadap perusahaan-perusahaan jasa pinjam online illegal, melainkan masalah ekonomi, social dan budaya sebagai hak masyarakat dan kesejahteraannya, dan juga masalah korban pinjam omline tidak hanya terhadap peruhanaan jasa pinjam online illegal, melainkan juga terhadap jasa perusahaan pinjam online legal pun masyarakat dapat menjadi korban pinjam jika masyarakat tidak bijak dalam melakukan peminjaman. Faktor korban pinjam online sangat beragam dan saling mempengaruhi satu dengan lainnya disamping keadaan dan kondisi krisis ekonomi, dan juga program perkonomian yang tidak tepat sasaran, serta sebagai alasan klasik bahwa faktor korban pinjam online yaitu faktor kemiskinan, pengetahuan hukum, serta pengetahuan legalitas perbankan dalam menjalankan operasinya. Faktor lainnya, terutama karena kemajuan teknologi informatika, dimana masyarakat mudah menjangkaunya dengan mudah akses pinjam online. Dismping faktor kemudahan akses tehnologi informatika, seperti faktor pinjam untuk menutupi pinjaman lainnya, faktor karena ingin kaya dengan cara instan. Pencegahan maraknya korban pinjam online, perlu adanya uapaya meningkatkan pengetahuan hukum, kesadaran hukum masyarakat, mengenal sistem perbankan dan hukumnya, guna mengidentifikasi perusahaan-perusahaan yang bergerak dalam bidang perbankan, khususnya lembaga keuangan bukan bank, khususnya perusahaan jasa pinjam online. Mencegah terjadinya korban pinjam online tersebut berangkat dari sistem legalitas perusahaan jasa pinjam online, setidaknya mengetahui telah berizin atau belum, serta program pemerintah dalam mensejahterakan masyarakat yang efektif, ketersedianya lapangan kerja dan program kewirausahaan masyarakat yang tangguh yang terus didukung pemerintah.
ANALISIS PERTIMBANGAN HAKIM PENGADILAN AGAMA TELUK KUANTAN TENTANG HARTA BERSAMA (Studi Putusan Nomor 83/Pdt.G/2025/PA.TLK)
Perkawinan merupakan masalah yang esensial bagi kehidupan manusia, karena disamping perkawinan sebagai sarana untuk membentuk keluarga, perkawinan tidak hanya mengandung unsur hubungan manusia dengan manusia tetapi juga menyangkut hubungan keperdataan, perkawinan juga memuat unsur sakralitas yaitu hubungan manusia dengan Tuhannya. Dalam hukum perkawinan di Indonesia, harta bersama (gono-gini) merupakan salah satu aspek penting yang sering menjadi objek sengketa ketika terjadi perceraian. Harta bersama adalah seluruh harta kekayaan yang diperoleh selama perkawinan berlangsung, tanpa memperhatikan siapa yang mencatatkannya atau siapa yang secara langsung memperolehnya. Dalam penelitian ini, pendekatan masalah yang penulis gunakan adalah pendekatan normatif yaitu penelitian yang membandingka hukum dengan masalah yang terjadiPembagian harta bersama akibat terjadinya perceraian dalam perkara Nomor 83/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Tlk, Hakim membagi harta bersama setengah bagian adalah hak penggugat dan juga setengah bagian lagi adalah hak tergugat. Majelis Hakim mengakhiri perkara sengekta harta bersama dengan memberikan putusan akhir yang dalam pokok perkaranya menyatakan mengabulkan gugatan Penggugat sebagian dan menolak atau tidak menerima beberapa gugatan Penggugat selain dan selebihnya. Pertimbangan Majelis Hakim Pengadilan Agama Pangkalan Balai dalam menyelesaikan sengketa harta bersama dalam perkara 83/Pdt.G/2020/PA.Tlk melalui alasan-alasan dan dasar Hukum yang kuat dan tidak bertentangan dengan Hukum Islam berdasarkan ayat Al-Qur‟an, hadist- hadist rasul serta kaidah-kaidah fiqhiyyah.
IMPLEMENTASI PERATURAN KEPOLISIAN NOMOR 7 TAHUN 2022 TENTANG KODE ETIK PROFESI DAN KOMISI KODE ETIK KEPOLISIAN NEGARA REPUBLIK INDONESIA TERHADAP SELEKSI PENERIMAAN ANGGOTA POLRI DI KEPOLISIAN RESOR ROKAN HULU
Article 10 paragraph (4) letter f and letter g of Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 concerning the Indonesian National Police Professional Code of Ethics regulates the prohibition on members and officials of the Indonesian National Police from receiving rewards and promising to pass the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police and development education. The purpose of this research is to analyze the implementation of this regulation on the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police at the Rokan Hulu Police; to analyze the inhibiting factors and efforts to overcome these obstacles. The implementation of Article 10 paragraph (4) letter f and letter g of Police Regulation Number 7 of 2022 on the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police at the Rokan Hulu Police has not been running well from 2023 to 2025, as evidenced by the existence of Indonesian National Police officials who received rewards and promised to pass the selection process for members of the Indonesian National Police at this police station, accompanied by law enforcement that has not been as it should be. The inhibiting factor is the legal factor, efforts to overcome it if there are general criminal reports and violations of the code of ethics simultaneously, then the decision of the code of ethics trial is not influenced by the resolution of general crimes that prioritize restorative justice. The factor of law enforcement officers, efforts to overcome this is that the local police often hold spiritual and mental guidance activities for their members; The local police institution always reminds its members and ranks not to live a hedonistic and luxurious life; all ranks of the police in carrying out their duties, functions, and authorities are based on the Indonesian National Police's professional code of ethics, Tribrata and Catur PrasetyaThe police cooperative provides low-interest loans and easy loan and repayment terms for business capital. Community factors, in order to overcome this, the police continue to provide free coaching and training programs for local communities who wish to participate in the selection process for Polri members and continuously socialize the program; conduct legal socialization to the community regarding the selection process for prospective Polri members; Polri members refuse to accept money from the community; within the Polri, strict sanctions are imposed on officials and their ranks; externally, the Polri provides counseling to the community directly and through social media platforms that to become a Polri member, bribes and insiders are not used. Cultural factors, in order to overcome this, the police conduct legal socialization to the community regarding the prohibition and legal sanctions for people who give bribes to state officials.
PENEGAKAN HUKUM TERHADAP PELAKU TINDAK PIDANA PENGGELAPAN PADA PERBANKAN DI WILAYAH HUKUM KEPOLISIAN DAERAH RIAU
Pasal 49 ayat (1) huruf b Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan Jo. Pasal 374 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana, mengatur sanksi terhadap tindak pidana penggelapan dalam jabatan di bidang Perbankan. Tujuan penelitian ialah Untuk penegakan hukum terhadap pelaku tindak pidana penggelapan pada perbankan di wilayah hukum Kepolisian Daerah Riau; Untuk menganalisis faktor yang menghambat penegakan hukumnya; Untuk menganalisis upaya mengatasi hambatan tersebut. Hasil penelitian ialah Pasal 49 ayat (1) huruf b Undang-Undang Nomor 10 Tahun 1998 tentang Perubahan Atas Undang-Undang Nomor 7 Tahun 1992 tentang Perbankan Jo. Pasal 374 Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana dalam upaya penegakan hukumnya belum dilaksanakan dengan baik. Kesimpulannya adalah Pertama, Penegkan hukumnya belum dilaksanakan dengan baik terutama tahun 2021 sampai 2024. Kedua, Faktor yang menghambat ialah Faktor aparat penegak hukum, sarana atau fasilitas dan masyarakat. Ketiga, Upaya mengatasi hambatan ialah terhadap faktor aparat penegak hukum yaitu menambah jumlah penyidik; Polda Riau dengan Kejaksaan Tinggi Riau meningkatkan koordinasi. Terhadap faktor sarana atau fasilitas yaitu mengajukan penambahan jumlah anggaran; meningkatkan koordinasi dan kerjasama dengan instusi kepolisian dan masyarakat setempat; penyidik tidak mendadak menjadwalkan waktu pemeriksaan sanksi pelapor. Terhadap faktor masyarakat yaitu Pelaku dan saksi bersikap kooperatif dalam penyidikan; tetap melanjutkan perkara dalam tahap selanjutnya sesuai dengan ketentuan hukum; korban menyepakati penggantian kerugian sesuai dengan jumlah uang yang digelapkan; pelaku juga memperhatikan kerugian materiil lainnya yang diderita oleh korban dan menyepakati jumlah penggantian kerugian yang diminta oleh korban; pihak bank melakukan pengetatan terhadap kinerja pegawai bank, laporan keuangan dan sistem perbankan, kemudian untuk mengembalikan kredibiltas dan nama baiknya supaya membantu pelaku dalam mengembalikan kerugian korban; korban tidak menyulitkan pelaku dalam menyelesaikan penggantian kerugian korban
STUDI PERBANDINGAN BATAS USIA NIKAH DI INDONESIA, TURKI, DAN MAROKO (PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ISLAM PROGRESIF DAN HAM)
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis berbagai peraturan di Negara-negara muslim terkait batas usia pernikahan dari kacamata hukum Islam progresif dan HAM (Hak Asasi Manusia). Dilatar belakangi oleh perbedaan penetapan batas usia pernikahan oleh para ulama dan pada berikutnya menjadi kodifikasi hukum perkawinan di negara-negara muslim kontemporer. Hal ini juga disebabkan tidak ada nas yang menyebut secara eksplisit mengenai batas minimal usia kawin. Negara-negara muslim seperti Indonesia, Turki, dan Maroko telah melakukan unifikasi dan kodifikasi dalam regulasi hukum perkawinan khususnya dalam hal ini adalah batas usia menikah. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian library research yang menitikberatkan pada sumber-sumber karya ilmiah tertulis. Dalam penelitian ini akan dibahas masing-masing aturan tersebut dengan perspektif hukum Islam progresif dan HAM. Adapun kesimpulan dalam penelitian ini adalah dalam perspektif hukum Islam progresif, ketiga peraturan dengan ketiga negara berbeda tersebut yang mengatur batas usia nikah adalah bentuk keterbukaan hukum atas perubahan yang telah menjadi suatu keniscayaan terutama atas dorongan isu gender. Dengan berpegang pada nilai-nilai kemanusiaan, peraturan tersebut tentu menjadi payung atas jaminan hak-hak kesetaraan baik bagi suami maupun istri. Sedangkan dalam perspektif HAM yang menitik beratkan pada kebebasan dan kemerdekaan individu serta kesetaraan kedudukan, maka ketiga peraturan yang mengatur batas usia minimal nikah di negara yang berbeda tersebut telah sesuai dengan cita-cita jaminan hidup yang seimbang bagi laki-laki dan perempuan.
TELAAH MAQASID SYARIAH TERHADAP LEGALITAS PERJANJIAN PRANIKAH: PROTEKSI PREVENTIF DALAM HUKUM MODERN
Perjanjian pranikah merupakan salah satu instrumen hukum yang bertujuan untuk melindungi hak-hak individu dalam perkawinan, terutama dalam menghadapi kemungkinan permasalahan yang muncul di masa depan. Dalam perspektif hukum modern, perjanjian ini dianggap sebagai bentuk proteksi preventif terhadap hak-hak pasangan suami istri, khususnya dalam konteks harta bersama dan hak-hak lainnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis legalitas perjanjian pranikah dalam perspektif maqasid syariah, dengan fokus pada proteksi preventif yang diberikan terhadap individu dan keluarga. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah pendekatan kualitatif pustaka, dengan menganalisis berbagai literatur hukum Islam dan hukum positif yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perjanjian pranikah dapat dianggap sah dan legal dalam pandangan hukum Islam jika memenuhi prinsip-prinsip maqasid syariah, seperti melindungi hak-hak individu, keadilan, dan kemaslahatan bersama. Selain itu, perjanjian pranikah juga dapat menjadi sarana preventif yang efektif dalam mencegah sengketa di kemudian hari, sehingga memberikan kepastian hukum dan melindungi keharmonisan keluarga.
CHILD EXPLOITATION AS A HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATION: A JURIDICAL ANALYSIS IN THE CONTEXT OF NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL LAW IN INDONESIA
Child exploitation constitutes a grave violation of human rights, directly undermining the dignity, development, and future of children as the nation's next generation. This article presents a juridical analysis of how Indonesian national law and international legal instruments protect children from various forms of exploitation, including economic exploitation, sexual exploitation, and trafficking. Employing a normative legal approach, this study examines relevant Indonesian legislation-such as the Child Protection Act and provisions in the Criminal Code-alongside international frameworks, notably the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The findings indicate that despite Indonesia’s ratification of key international treaties and the existence of comprehensive domestic legal norms, significant challenges persist in enforcement, institutional coordination, and victim recovery processes. This paper argues for a more integrated and rights-based legal framework, improved law enforcement capacity, and stronger institutional mechanisms to ensure effective child protection. Strengthening these aspects is essential to align national practices with universally recognized human rights standards and to combat child exploitation more effectively
Penguatan Hukum Perbankan Syariah Dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia
Undang-Undang Perbankan Syariah memberikan menjadi patokan didalam kegiatan perbankan syariah di Indonesia. Kegiatan perbankan syariah memiliki banyak segi dan banyak ragam yang melintasi beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan, oleh sebab itu untuk menguatkan posisi Perbankan Syariah diperlukan sinkroniasasi dan harmonisasi peraturan perundang-undangan yang bersinggungan dengan kegiatan perbankan syariah. Metode Penelitian yang digunakan adalah Penelitian normative. Hasil dari penelitian ini diperlukan perubahan terhadap beberapa peraturan perundang-undangan yang beririsan dengan Perbankan Syariah.
The Implementation of Auction Cancellation as a Legal Remedy for Auction Execution Under Law No. 4 of 1996
The issues arising in the implementation of auction cancellation and the sale of auctioned objects based on mortgage rights are related to objections or lawsuits from the debtor, as well as objections from the debtor regarding the auction carried out by the creditor through an auction house. The research questions in this research includes: 1) How is the implementation of auction cancellation as a legal remedy for objections against the auction process according to Law No. 4 of 1996, and 2) What are the obstacles in the implementation of auction cancellation as a legal remedy for auction execution under Law No. 4 of 1996. To address these issues, this research employs a sociological empirical method, where the researcher conducts field research to obtain both primary and secondary data relevant to the research topic. The research is descriptive, aiming to describe the research findings by analyzing statements clearly, in detail, and comprehensively. Based on the research findings, the implementation of auction cancellation and the examination process in the auction involves several stages, such as registration, submission, examination, proof, and decision. On the other hand, obstacles faced in the implementation of auction cancellation include rejection by the defendant, the sale of auctioned objects, and execution.
KEKERASAN DALAM RUMAH TANGGA MENURUT UNDANG-UNDANG NO 23 TAHUN 2004 DI DENPASAR
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji fenomena KDRT di Denpasar, Bali berdasarkan peraturan perundang-undangan No. 23 Tahun 2004 tentang Penghapusan Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga (UU PKDRT) dan mengkaji faktor-faktor penyebab terjadinya KDRT di Denpasar, Bali. Metode penelitian yang digunakan yaitu penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan sosiologis, dan analisis kasus-kasus KDRT yang terjadi di wilayah Denpasar. Di Denpasar, terdapat lembaga terkait seperti Pusat Pelayanan Terpadu Pemberdayaan Perempuan dan Anak (P2TP2A). Aparat penegak hukum telah berupaya memberikan perlindungan dan layanan kepada korban kekerasan dalam rumah tangga tetapi keterbatasan sumber daya menjadi hambatan utama. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa meskipun UU PKDRT telah memberikan landasan hukum yang kuat untuk melindungi korban dan menghukum pelaku, implementasinya masih menghadapi berbagai tantangan. Beberapa di antaranya yaitu kurangnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang hak-hak korban, rendahnya pelaporan kasus dan kendala dalam penegakan hukum karena pengaruh budaya patriarki yang masih kuat. Selain itu, pendekatan berbasis adat dan mediasi sering digunakan, yang tidak sejalan dengan prinsip keadilan dalam hukum nasional. Penanganan KDRT memerlukan sinergi antara penegakan hukum, edukasi masyarakat, dan pemberdayaan korban.
Urgensi Pengaturan Kekayaan Intelektual di Era Society 5.0 Dalam Mengakomodasi Perkembangan Teknologi AI
Era Society 5.0 menghadirkan tantangan dan peluang baru dalam pengelolaan kekayaan intelektual (KI) melalui pemanfaatan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (Artificial Intelligence/AI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bagaimana AI dapat membantu proses pengelolaan KI, dalam konteks digitalisasi yang semakin kompleks. Dengan menggunakan metode studi literatur, penelitian ini mengkaji berbagai sumber seperti jurnal ilmiah, buku, dan dokumen hukum untuk memahami peran AI dalam mendukung efisiensi dan efektivitas pengelolaan KI. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa AI mampu mempercepat proses perlindungan KI dengan memanfaatkan algoritma cerdas untuk mengidentifikasi karya-karya yang mirip atau berpotensi melanggar hak eksklusif pencipta. Dalam aspek penegakan hukum, AI dapat digunakan untuk memantau aktivitas daring guna mencegah penyebaran produk ilegal yang melanggar hak cipta. Namun, penelitian ini juga menemukan tantangan signifikan, seperti risiko bias data yang dapat memengaruhi keadilan keputusan AI serta potensi pelanggaran privasi dalam pengumpulan data pelatihan. Penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya regulasi yang adaptif untuk mengakomodasi perkembangan teknologi AI dalam pengelolaan KI di era Society 5.0